CORNERSTONES: SIMPLE TO SUBLIME
S. Brent Morris is a member and Past Master of Patmos Lodge #70, Ellicott
City, Maryland and a Fellow of the Philatethes Society. He is the author of
Masonic Philanthropies, an excerpt from which was the May 1991, STB, "And the
Greatest of These is Charity." The September, 1993 STB was about "The Evolution
of the Cornerstone Ceremony" also by Bro. Morris. This month's STB is, in a
sense, a follow up because it tells the story of two cornerstone ceremonies
performed by Freemasons. Editor
An Impossible Dream
In 1881, East Cambridge, Maryland, was a small fishing village on the eastern
shore of the Chesapeake Bay. Its streets were paved with oyster shells and were
trod by the lamplighter each evening as he made his rounds. Rev. George Quitman
Bacchus became convinced that the little town of Cambridge needed to erect a
house of worship, and he set about to convince the Church Extension Society of
the Methodist Protestant Church of this need. The Society was unwilling to
support such a major undertaking because they thought East Cambridge was not
developed enough to support its own church.
Rev. Bacchus was unwilling to hear that his dream was "impossible," so he
turned to another source for support-the Grand Lodge of Ancient, Free, and
Accepted Masons of Maryland. The Grand Lodge heard his presentation and
authorized a loan for the building of a small wooden church. It had an "amen
corner" for the elders, a small steeple, and grounds enclosed by a neat white
picket fence-everything a small community like East Cambridge needed to enhance
their worship of God.
On June 24, 1881, St. John's Day, the Grand Lodge of Maryland chartered a
steamboat and arrived at the newly built St. Paul's Church. They not only laid
the cornerstone in proper Masonic form, but also surprised the congregation by
erasing their mortgage and presenting them with a debt-free church. The comments
by M.W. John S. Tyson, Grand Master of Maryland in 1881, are timeless in
describing the motives of the Masons of Maryland, or elsewhere, in their zeal to
help their citizens.
"It is especially honorable to the fraternity to be called upon to lay the
cornerstone of a church, and it affords a favorable opportunity for the
illustration of that principle of toleration and liberality of opinion which is
one of the most attractive features of our institution. So on this occasion,
Masons of different denominations of Christians, and Masons of Hebrew race and
religion, joined in laying the cornerstone of a Methodist Protestant church,
because all recognized that it was to be an edifice for the worship of God, and
it would have been equally ready to perform the same ceremony for any church or
synagogue."
*Edward T. Schultz, History of Freemasonry in Maryland, 4 vols. (Baltimore:
J. H. Medairy & Co., 1888), Vol. 4, pp. 265-266.
This inspiring story of Rev. Bacchus's impossible dream and the generous,
unexpected support offered by Masons could stop here, but there is more to the
tale. In 1912 St. Paul's Church had outgrown its humble wooden-framed beginning
on an oyster-shell paved street, and replaced its original structure with a
stone building. By 1981 the congregation had grown and expanded further to a
splendid stone and stained-glass illuminated house of God. The congregation was
ready to lay the cornerstone of their new fellowship hall and had not forgotten
those who had so generously helped them get started.
On June 21, 1981, the Grand Lodge of Maryland was once again formally invited
to worship at St. Paul's church and to lay another important cornerstone for the
parish. Once again "Masons of different denominations of Christians, and Masons
of Hebrew race and religion" joined in testing the cornerstone of St. Paul's
fellowship hall, in declaring it well formed, true, and trusty, and, as they did
100 years before, in helping to dedicate yet another building to the worship of
God and to the service of their fellow citizens.
The Washington National Cathedral
Gothic cathedrals have been described as music frozen in the air, and the
awe-inspiring beauty of the Washington National Cathedral confirms the truth of
this observation. Formally known as the Cathedral Church of St. Peter and St.
Paul, the church was conceived when Congress granted a charter to the Protestant
Episcopal Cathedral Foundation of the District of Columbia on January 6, 1893.
Fourteen years later a crowd of 10,000 gathered to witness the foundation stone
laying at Mount St. Albans on September 29, 1907.(1)
Freemasonry does not favor any religion, nor does it permit religion (or
politics) to be discussed in its Lodges. It strongly admonishes its members,
however, to worship God as they best understand Him. Thus it is with particular
pleasure that our gentle craft helps erect houses of worship. Whether a simple
church or synagogue or a sublime masterpiece of architectural genius like the
Washington National Cathedral, they share a common purpose of glorifying the
Grand Architect of the Universe. It was with the humble intention of glorifying
God that the Masons joined the ceremonies on Mount St. Albans that day.
Laying the Foundation Stone
As the cathedral choir sang, the foundation stone was slowly lowered to its
final resting place beneath the altar. A procession left the platform consisting
of the Bishop Henry Yates Satterlee, the Canons of the Cathedral, the architect
bearing the Cathedral trowel, and Lemuel Towers, Jr., Master of Potomac Lodge
No. 5, FAAM accompanied by three Brothers bearing the George Washington gavel.
In the great pit dug for the foundation, Bishop Satterlee laid the mortar
beneath the stone and struck it three times with the Washington gavel. After the
procession returned to the platform, President and Brother Theodore Roosevelt
delivered an address.(2)
Bishop Satterlee could not have known it, but his project started in 1907 on
fifty-seven acres on Mount St. Albans became the longest-running construction
site of our nation's capital. Construction halted from 1919-1921 during World
War I, slowed during the great depression, and halted again from 1942-1948
during World War II. A shortage of funds stopped construction from 1977-1980,
after which the final work towards completion began. Then on September 29, 1990,
eighty-three years to the day after the first stone was laid, the final stone of
this house of worship was set in place. President George Bush, like President
Roosevelt before him, delivered the address.(3)
The Washington Bay
At the western end of the south outer aisle of the Washington National
Cathedral is the Washington Bay, dedicated to the father of our country. There
stands in splendid isolation a seven foot six inch statue of Washington, carved
of pure white Vermont marble. Inscribed on the statue's octagonal pedestal are
reminders of Washington's contributions: "First
Citizen--Churchman--President--Statesman--Farmer--Soldier--Patriot--Freemason."
It was a gift in 1947 from the Supreme Council, 33ø, Southern Jurisdiction,
which declared:
"It was fitting--and indeed it was necessary--that here, in this hallowed
place, which is set upon a hill within the city that bears his name, there
should be raised a monument to the Father of his Country. For while the whole
American land is his monument, it is an inspiring duty to make visible his
presence"(4)
Washington's lifelong love of Freemasonry is emphasized by three plaques cut
into the stone of the Cathedral's walls. The left plaque commemorates
Washington's initiation into Freemasonry in 1752. It shows the Holy Bible,
Square, Compasses, and the words "Fredericksburg Lodge No. 4, 1752." The center
plaque celebrates the year he became Master of Alexandria Lodge No. 22 in 1782.
The carving has an exact replica of Washington's Past Master's Jewel and the
words--"Alexandria Lodge No. 22, 1782." The third plaque, located on the right,
has two small cornerstones. One is dated 1793 and is surmounted by the dome of
the U.S. Capitol; the other is dated 1907 and is surmounted by a carving of the
Washington National Cathedral.
More than 600,000 people visit or attend services at the cathedral each year.
It has served important functions of state: funeral services for President
Eisenhower were held here, and the inaugural prayers for Presidents Reagan and
Bush were offered here. Martin Luther King, Jr. preached his last Sunday Sermon
in the Cathedral's Canterbury pulpit a few days before he was assassinated.
It has indeed achieved the purpose envisioned by Bishop Satterlee nearly a
century ago:
"..a house of prayer for all people means a spiritual home to which men of
every class, rich and poor, statesman, tradesman, and laborer, may come without
money and without price, with the consciousness that it is their common Father's
house."(5)
(1)Dan Stone, "A Great Church for National Purposes," Cathedral Age, Fall
1990, pp. 10-15.
(2)Claudy, Carl H. Your Masonic Capital City, revised ed. (Silver Spring,
Md.: Masonic Service Association, 1988), pp. 43-44. (4)John W. Boettjer, "The
Washington Bay," The Scottish Rite Journal, Vol. XCVIII, No. 2, p. 1 (pp. 1-3).
(5)Dan Stone, p. 14.
back to top |
