the bologna statues of 1248
From the Regular Grand Lodge of England
So far, the Earliest known Masonic record, the Statutes of the town of
Bologna, dated 1248.
From the Spanish translation of the Latin original a Dutch,
French and an English translation were made.
As they precede the other famous statutes of Strasbourg of
1459, they should be of great value with regard to the usages in the mason’s
craft.
We did find several elements, which are typical for the craft, but the
difference of two centuries seems too great to speak about a ‘development’.
The main difference, which may be of decisive importance, is
the fact that the statutes of Bologna settle the rules for a trade union within
the municipality of a town, by the ‘College of Ancients’, whereas those of 1459
refer to rules to be valid in the whole of the German ‘Holy Roman Empire’. And
even beyond it!
The statutes of Bologna recognise the municipal authorities
as the chief, so that the ‘potentate’ is the master of the lodge. This makes the
masters mason the executors of the building projects of the town, reducing
doubtlessly their liberty of action.
Under these circumstances it is not surprising that the
majority of rules determine the penalties or fines to be paid by masters or
fellowcrafts, when they do not comply with or violate certain rules. These
penalties are expressed in old currency values of Bologna. As they are now of
little value we left the old expressions as they were: deniers, sous, and
pounds.
One person in the statutes is frequently mentioned. As we
started from the Spanish translation, he was called ‘masero’. The French word
would be massier, both words having the Latin origin of ‘massarius’. It can be
deduced from the text, that this man had a position slightly lower than the
masters. But he is always mentioned together with the masters as a separate
officer, so it always says: ‘We enact and order, that the officers and massarius...’.
in many cases it is this officer, who has the responsibility for quite a number
of different actions. Even if the background could be an other one, we
translated this word by ‘polier’ (or parlier), an officer mentioned later in the
statutes of Strasbourg. The English equivalent should be ‘foreman’, similar to
the Dutch ‘voorman’. It is not so much the fact that a ‘massier’ is holding a
baton, thus becoming comparable to the Deacons of Freemasonry, but the
intermediary between the authorities and the craftsmen. Moreover, the comparison
with deacons cannot come into consideration, as they were only ‘invented’ in the
course of the 18 century.
Although there are some apparent restrictions to be observed,
when comparing these statutes with later Masonic craft statutes, these were a
welcome addition to our knowledge of the old craft.
The Statutes and Rules of Bologna, from 1248
In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen
In the year of the Lord 1248, sixth indiction.
Statutes and Rules of the Master Masons and Carpenters
These are the statutes and rules of the trade union of the
master masons and carpenters, made
in honor of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, the blessed Virgin Mary
and all saints, and in honor of
the good fortune of the town of Bologna and the trade union of
said masters, with respect and
in honor of the potentate and captain of Bologna, who governs or
will govern in future, and
with respect to the statutes and rules of the society of
Bologna, in existence or to be made.
And may all following statutes from now on be applied, to be
from today, the year 1248, the
sixth indiction, the eighth day of August.
I Oath of the abovementioned masters.
I, master carpenter and mason, who is or will belong to the
union of said masters, I swear in
honor of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Blessed Virgin Mary, and all
saints, and in honor of the
potentate and captain , who is now in charge, or who will be in
charge in future, and in honor
of the good fortune of the town of Bologna and all those, who
will govern the town of Bologna,
that I will conform myself and obey to all and each of the
orders given to me by the
((polier) foreman) foreman and the officers of the trade union
of masters carpenters and
masons, or any of them, in honor and the good fortune of the
union, and to preserve and
maintain the union and the members of the union in good
condition, and to guard and maintain
the statutes and rules of the union, as they are now or will be
imposed in future, with the
respect to all statutes and rules of te town of Bologna, as it
is stated that I will be bound by my
oath to adhere to them at my entry to the union and that I will
be disengaged after my
departure.
And if I will be called to the board of the union, I will not
refuse but I will accept the command
and I will manage with care, and will lead and preserve the
union and the members of the
union. And I will distribute the charges with equity between the
members of the union according
to what I and the board of masters will judge convenient. And I
will give and cause to
give fines, prescribed by the statutes of the union, and when
statutary rules are missing, I will
impose sanctions according to the will of the board. And all
sanctions I will impose for any act,
whatever it may be, I will have noted down in a book, and I will
hand and give it to the (polier)
foreman of the union. And the sanctions, the funds and wages of
the union, the statutes, and all
that is in his possession with regard to the funds of the union,
and all writings and
correspondence referring to the union, the (polier) foreman
shall remit at the moment the
statutes prescribe, and give to the (polier) foreman, who will
succeed him in the assembly of
the union, under penalty of a fine of 20 Bologna sous. And the
accountants are bound to
inspect them and pronounce a sanction against the failing (polier)
foreman, unless they are
prevented by a unanimous decision of the board of the union, or
by majority of votes, or due to
a fair reason.
And if I will impose, as an officer, a contribution for the
expenses of the union, I will first
explain the reason to the board, and it will be imposed as the
board will decide unanimously or
by majority of votes.
II About insulting words against the officers or the (polier)
foreman.
We enact and order, that if someone of the union says insulting
words to the officers or the
(polier) foreman, or against the notary, or if he accuses them
of lies, he will be punished with
10 Bologna sous.
III About the penalties to those, who did not come, if they were
summoned to a
determined place.
We enact and order, that if someone is summoned by the officers,
the (polier) foreman or the
clergyman to come to a place, where the union assembles, he
shall have to come each time and
as often as he will be summoned or ordered, on penalty of a fine
of 6 deniers. We enact and
order, that each shall come to the place, where the union
assembles, each time and as often as
that will be summoned and ordered by the officers or the (polier)
foreman or the clergyman, on
penalty of a fine of 6 Bologna deniers. And even if it it is not
required, each will be obliged to
come the one but last sunday of the month, without summons,
carefully, without lie or deceit.
That he is not only bound to it by his oath, but that he will
risk the above penalty, even if he
was not summoned to come. And if he comes to the place, where
the union assembles and he
leaves without permission of the (polier) foreman or officers,
he shall have to pay as a fine 12
Bologna deniers. Unless in two cases, when he had a real
hindrance, or unless he were ill or
outside the town, or serving the town of Bologna, in which case
he may, as in the other cases,
mention his oath of obligatory service. And if he excuses
mendaciously, he will be punished
with 12 deniers.
IV About the election of officers and the (polier) foreman and
about the assemblies of
the union.
We enact and order, that the union of the masters carpenter and
mason shall have eight officers,
and also two (polier) foremen, i.e. for each trade of the uion;
and they shall be equally
divided over the quarters, and elected by lists in the assembly
of the union, so that in each
quarter of the town there are two offivers, i.e. one of each
trade. And that the officers, with the
(polier) foreman, stay in function for six months and no more.
And that they shall call the union
to assemble and meet on the seond sunday of the month, on
penalty of a fine of 3 Bologna sous
for each time they infringe, unless they should be withheld in a
real force majeure.
We add that the son of a master of the union shall not and
cannot be enlisted on the electionlists,
if he is not 14 years old at least. And his father shall not
have him enter the union before
that time, and the son shall not be received into the society
before that time. And nobody shall
take an apprentice, who is not at least 12 years old, on penalty
of a fine of 20 sous, and the
contract thus made be without value.
V That nobody can be elected, who is his son or father.
We enact and order that no officer or (polier) foreman can be
elected, who is the brother or
son of a voting member, and that the vote given on this subject
has no value.
VI That the masters obey the officers and (polier) foreman.
We enact and order, that if somebody of the union owes to
another master a certain sum of
money because of the trade, or if a master has some problem with
an other one because of the
mentioned trade, then the masters having this quarrel have to
obey the orders, which the
officers or the masters mason and carpenter will impose for a
settlement, on penalty of a fine of
10 Bologna sous.
VII How and in which manner the masters will be received in the
union, and how much
they owe for their reception.
We enact and order that all masters, who would wish to be
received in the union of masters
mason and carpenter shall pay to the union 10 Bologna sous, if
they belong to the town or
region of Bologna; and if they donot belong to the city or
region of Bologna, they will pay 20
Bologna sous. And that the officers do realise all of their
cares, so that the masters not belonging
to the union, will be received obligatorily. And that this
prescript is irrevocable, that
nobody can in any manner be exempted, unless at least on tenth
of the union decides, or unless
he is a son of a master, who may be received into the union
without payment. And if the
(polier) foreman or an officer supports the board or assembly of
the union, the request of
somebody wishing to spare the 10 or 20 Bologna sous to be given
to the union, shall be fined
with 10 Bologna sous. And if somebody of the union, having a
seat in the assembly or the
board, rises to tell that somebody should be spared to pay the
10 or 20 Bologna sous, he will
be punished with 5 Bologna sous.
And if a master has one or more sons, who know the trade of the
mentioned masters, or who
stayed during two years to learn the mentioned trades with his
father, then this father shall have
him received into the union without reception, paying himself to
the union as is mentioned
above, on penalty of a fine of 20 sous. And once this was paid,
he still has to have him received
into the union.
And that the officers and (polier) foreman shall recover the
sums due by those, who have been
received into the union, and the 4 deniers, due for the masses,
and the sanctions pronounced
during their period of office. And that they shall have them
take their oath in the union. And
that the (polier) foreman shall recceive from the master, who
has been received into the union a
valid guarantee, that within a month after the reception into
the union, he will pay 10 sous,
when he belongs to the town or region of Bologna, as said
before, and when being from
another region 20 Bologna sous. And if the (polier) foreman and
the officers do not recover
the sums, then they have to pay to the union from their own
pocket and give a sufficient
compensation in money or wages, that the union be safeguarded,
and this eight days after the
end of the delay of a month. And that the accountants have to
control everything as said
before, and if this is not observed, to pronounce the sanctions
mentioned by the statutes of the
union.
We add, that whoever will be received into the union shall pay
as a reception fee to the union
20 Bologna sous. We order this for those, who, counting from
today, will be employed in
future for learning the trade, and that this will be valid for
the future from now on, 1254,
twelfth indiction, eighth day of March. As far as they are
concerned, who will have no master
for learning the trade, they will pay as a reception fee to the
union 3 Bologna pounds.
VIII That no master shall harm an other master in his work.
We enact and order that no master mason and carpenter shall harm
an other master of the
union of masters by accepting a work at a fixed price, after
having assured him and promised
formally, where he did receive this work in a different manner.
Except that, if a master turned
up before the work was formally promised and assured to him, and
he would ask a part, he
then shall give him a part, if the other wishes so. But if an
agreement was arrived at on the
subject of the work, he is not obliged to give him him a part,
if he does not wish this. And the
one infringing has to pay as a fine 3 Bologna pounds for each
time he infringes. And the
officers have to impose the fines the statutes prescribe within
a month after the infringement
became evident and clear to them, with regard to the statutes
and rules of the Bologna community.
And that the fines and penalties have to be versed to the
assembly of the union and remain
there.
IX About the accounts the (polier) foreman has to render and
about the charge he has to
fulfil.
We enact and order that the (polier) foreman of the union of
masters shall render the account
to the accountants within a month after ending his charge,
unless he has the authorisation from
the new officers and the board of the union, or that he failed
due to a real case of force
majeure. And that the (polier) foreman shall answer for all
entries and expenses received and
paid during his period. And that all masters, who were received
into the union during his
period will be entered into a special book for this purpose, so
that it is known whether they
payed or not. And we order that all letters shall remain in the
hands of the (polier) foreman.
And all letters refferring to the union and everything referring
to the properties of the union the
(polier) foreman shall give and transfer in writing to the
assembly of the union to the following
(polier) foreman, so that the funds of the union can in no
manner become the object of fraud.
And if the (polier) foreman, with a fraudulous intention, left
out certain of these prescriptions
and did not comply with them, he shall be punished with 20
Bologna sous. And if he has kept
funds of the union fraudulously with himself, he shall restitute
the double to the union. Besides,
the old (polier) foreman shall, after leaving his charge,
absolutely be obliged to give and
transfer to the new (polier) foreman all funds of the union,
letters as well as letters relating to
the union and the money of this society, on the first or the
second sunday of the month. And
the new (polier) foreman shall not extend this term for the old
(polier) foreman beyond 15
days. And that this prescription is irrevocable. And if one of
the (polier) foremans would
infringe, he shall be punished with 20 Bologna sous, to be paid
to the society.
X About the election of the accountants.
We enact and order that the accountants shall be elected at the
same time as the officers, and
that there shall be two of them, i.e. one for each trade. That
the accountants shall inspect
carefully the (polier) foreman and the officers in function at
the same time as the (polier)
foreman. And if they discover, that the (polier) foreman and the
officers acted wrongly in the
excution of their charge, and that they committed fraud or
deceit, they shall be condemned to
restitute the double of the funds discovered of being withheld.
Besides, they are condemned to
restitute the equivalent of the pay they received. And that they
are obliged to act thus and to
inspect and condemn or give acquit within a month after the
function of (polier) foreman and
officers ceased. And whether they condemn or give acquit they
shall to do this in writing to the
assembly of the union. And if the accountants infringe and do
not observe these prescriptions,
each of them shall be punished with 10 sous and they will be
fired from their function, unless in
a real case of force majeure, or when they received
authorisation from the officers and the
board of the union.
XI About the transcription of the modifications by the board.
In order to ever prevent any dispute between the members of the
union, we enact and order
that all changes of the union of the masters mason and
carpenter, of of the board of the trade
shall be inserted in a special book, and that the (polier)
foreman and the officers shall have this
done, on penalty of a fine of 5 Bologna sous.
XII The (polier) foreman and the officers shall account for
their charge only once and no
more.
We enact and order that the (polier) foreman and the officers of
the union shall account only
once for all expenses and receipts. And after they have once
been controled on the account,
they shall be no more called for a further account, unless they
have been denounced or accused
for having committed deceit or fraud, or for having illegally
withheld money from the
community and union, in which case, whoever may have accused
them, shall be heard. And
those, who have been controlled once, shall not be controlled
once more. And this rule applies
for the past as well as for the future.
XIIIAbout the orders to be given by the officvers and the (polier)
foreman.
We enact and order that all orders the officers or the (polier)
foreman, or one of them, may
give with regard to money or other matters regarding the trade,
that a master has to give to an
other master or has to have them given, these orders shall be
given and ordered within 10 days.
And if a master, to whom an order was given within 10 days, does
not execute them, the
officers and the (polier) foreman shall then have to give,
within 5 days after the 10 days, a
mortgage to the creditor on the properties of his debtor, so
that he shall be paid completely for
that owned to him and his expenses. And that besides he shall be
punished with 5 Bologna
sous, if the officers judge this fair. And that this is
irrevocable. And the one, who owes money
to an other master or an other person, he has been called upon
or summoned by the officers or
by the clergyman, or clergymen, of the union, and he did not
appear before the officers or the
(polier) foreman, he shall be punished each time with 12 Bologna
sous, if he is traced and if he
cannot be traced and he was summoned for a second time, he shall
be punished again for the
same amount.
XIV About a master hindering an other master in his work.
We enact and order that, if a master has work at a fixed price,
or per day, or in any other
manner, and he wishes an other master to have the work performed
and cooperate with him,
then the master who hindered the other master shall give him
satisfaction as far as the price is
concerned, unless he is no officer or (polier) foreman of the
union, who gave this master work
for the community of Bologna. And the one who infringes, shall
be punished as the officers will
determine.
XV How much the masters being officers and the (polier) foreman
have to receive as
their payment.
We enact and order that the officers and the (polier) foreman,
who are in future in function,
shall receive as payment, each of them, 5 Bologna sous at the
end of six months. And that the
officers and the (polier) foreman shall have to recover all
penalties, sanctions and contributions
before they leave their charge, each in his own quarter. And if
they did not recover them within
the prescribed time, they shall have to pay from their own money
to the union as much in total
as they did not recover. And that the officers and the (polier)
foreman shall be excluded from
any charge during a year after they finished their charge.
And we prescribe that the officers shall not receive wages, nor
money, but that the (polier)
foreman receives integrally the total amount of wages and money,
and before they leave their
charge, he shall pay the remuneration to the officers in charge
from the funds of the union.
XVI About the candles to be made for the union for deceased on
their account.
We enact and order that two candles shall be bought at the
charge of the members of the
union, which shall be kept by the (polier) foreman of the union.
And they shall be 16 pounds of
wax in total, and they shall have to be placed with the body,
when one of the masters would
die.
XVII All masters shall go to the deceased member of the union,
when they are
summoned.
We enact and order that if one of our members is called or
summoned by the clergyman, or by
someone else in his stead, to go to that of one of the deceased
members and he would not go,
he shall pay as a fine 12 Bologna sous, unless he received an
authorisation, or was impeded.
And the body has to be carried by the members of the union. And
the clergyman of the union
has to receive from the assembly of the union 18 deniers for
each deceased from the properties
of the union. And if the clergyman did not go and assemble the
members of the union, he shall
pay a fine of 18 deniers to the union. And the officers and the
(polier) foreman shall collect
these sums.
XVIII The officers shall visit the sick members and give them
support.
We enact and order that if one of our members is sick, the
officers have the duty to visit him
when they learn so, and to give him the support and help. And if
he dies, and has nothing for
the burial, the union shall have him buried honorably at its own
expenses. And the (polier)
foreman shall make expenses up to the amount of 10 Bologna sous
and no more.
XIX The clergymen travel at the expense of those, who were
sanctioned, and who neglect
to supply wages.
We enact and order that the officers and (polier) foremans, who
will be in charge in future,
shall collect wages from a master as a remuneration, sanctions
or other motives, and charge
him with all expenses they make, recurring to the clergymen of
the Bologna community, or
otherwise to collect them, so that the union does not suffer.
And the officers or the (polier)
foreman, who made expenses to this end, they make them at their
own account, unless they
made these expenses according to the wish of the union or the
board. And if the one, who has
to pay money for this does not allow the clergyman of the union
to receive this wage from him,
he shall be punished with 3 Bologna sous for eachh time he
infringes.
XX About those, who engage by contract.
We enact and order that if somebody engages himself with
somebody by contract, without
staying and completing his time with his master or patron, he
shall not be received before that
term by any master of the union, and that no assistance shall be
given to him by any master,
who instructed him, or to whom he was denounced. And the one who
infringes, shall be
punished with 20 Bologna sous.
XXI Nobody shall go and receive the benediction more than once.
We enact and order that nobody of the union shall go more than
once to receive the benediction.
And the one, who infringes, shall be punished with 6 deniers for
each infringement.
XXII Nobody shall receive the benediction at one’s own accord.
We enact and order that if somebody receives the benediction at
his own accord, he shall be
punished with 6 Bologna deniers for each time he infringes.
XXIII Nobody is allowed to be beyond the “horn” of the altar.
We enact and order that nobody shall be allowed to be beyond the
“horn” of the altar, turned
to the church, on penalty of a fine of 3 deniers for each time
he shall have infringed.
XXIV About the equitable share of the corvée between the
masters.
We enact and order that if an officer orders a master of his
region to go and work for the
community, treating him equitably with the other masters and
that this one does not go, he
shall be punished with 10 Bologna sous. And no master shall
indicate another master mason or
carpenter regarding work for the community of Bologna or
anywhere else; and the one who
infringes shall be punished with 20 Bologna sous. The officers,
who will be in charge in future,
shall make this indication by sharing equitably the masters per
quarter, i.e. the officers, who
will be present in town, when the indcation will take place. And
if one offcier does not treat a
master equitably, committing deceit or fraud, when it deals with
hostility against him, and this
will be clear and evident, he shall be punished with 20 Bologna
sous. Except when he is
summoned by the potestate, or someone of his surroundig with the
aim to charge him with a
work for the community of Bologna, he then can associate himself
at his will without penalty
nor fine.
XXV No one shall rise in an assembly of masters to give his
opinion only on what will be
proposed by the officers or the (polier) foreman.
We enact and order that nobody of the union shall rise to speak,
and give his opinion in an
assembly only on what will be proposed by the officers or the (polier)
foreman. And the one
who infringes shall be punished with 12 Bologna sous, and he
shall pay this sum immediately,
or he shall give his wages.
XXVI One shall not make noise nor cry, when someone is speaking,
or makes a proposal
in an meeting of the union of the mentioned masters.
We enact and order that if someone makes noise in a meeting,
after an officer or officers or the
(polier) foreman or someone else made a proposal, or took the
word among the members, if he
infringes he shall be punished with 3 deniers, which he shall
pay immediately. And the officers
and (polier) foreman shall act thus according to their oath. And
if they do not respect it, they
shall pay the equivalent to the union.
XXVII About the remuneration of the clergyman.
We enact and order that the union shall have a clergyman, i.e.
one for two regions and an other
one for the other two regions; and they shall receive each 30
Bologna sous annually. And they
shall bring candles, if someone dies and look for a living for
the (polier) foreman. And they
shall receive 1 denier for each task from those, who will thus
charge them.
XXVIII How and in which manner the members shall gather for a
deceased member,
and at which place.
We enact and order that if the deceased belongs to the region of
the Steri gate, the members
shall gather at Saint Gervais. Amd when the deceased belongs to
the region Saint Procule, the
members will gather at Saint Ambrosius. Besides, if the deceased
belongs to the region of the
Ravenna gate, the members shall gather at Saint Etienne. And if
the deceased belongs to the
region of the Saint Peter gate, the members shall gather at the
Saint Peter Church. And the
clergymen shall say, when they summon the members, to which
region the deceased belonged.
And if they do not tell, they shall be punished with 2 Bologna
sous for each time they infringe.
XXIX Each member of the union shall pay anually 4 deniers for
the masses.
We enact and order that every member of the union shall pay each
year 4 deniers for the
masses, and the officers shall collect these sums.
XXX One can not take an apprentice for a period less than four
years.
We enact and order that nobody of the union is allowed in any
manner to take or keep an
aprentice during less than four years, and on condition of
giving him a pair of bread every
week, and a pair of capons at Christmas and 20 Bologna sous for
the five years. And who
infringes with regard of the time of four years, shall be
punished with 3 Bologna pounds. And
who infringes with regard to the 20 Bologna sous and the bread
and capons, he shall be
punished with 20 Bologna sous for each time he infringes with
regard to each point.
And we order that all acts shall from now on be laid down by the
notary of the union in the
presence of at least two officers, and they shall be copied in a
book, which shall always be kept
by the (polier) foreman. And the one, who infringes, shall pay
as a penalty 3 Bologna pounds.
And this is irrevocable.
XXXI Everyone shall show to the officers the contract of
apprenticeship within a year
from the moment on, when he received it.
We enact and order that every member of the union shall within a
year, to be taken from the
moment he has an apprentice, to show the certificate to the
officers of the union. And when he
infringes, he shall be punished with 5 Bologna sous for every
time he infringes.
XXXII Nobody can employ someone, who would not belong to the
town or region of
Bologna, or who is a servant of someone.
We enact and order that nobody of the union can keep and have
any apprentice, who would be
a servant, or who comes from another county. The one, who
infringes, shall be punished with
100 Bologna sous for each time he infringes. And we prescribe
that if somebody of the union
takes a servant as his wife, he shall pay as a penalty 10
Bologna pounds being excluded from
the union. And this is irrevocable.
XXIII The masters shall have to receive apprentices into the
union after two years.
We enact and order that every master shall have his apprentice
received into the union, after he
has stayed with him during two years, and to receive from this
apprentice a fair and sufficient
guarantee regarding his entry into the union. The one who
infringes shall be punished with 20
Bologna sous for each time he will infringe, at east, if he does
not receive this guarantee.
XXXIV Nobody of the union is allowed to work for someone, who is
in debt to a master.
Very important.
We enact and order that nobody of the union is allowed to work a
day or on accord for
someone, who has to give or to pay money to a master because of
his trade, once he has
learned it, or that the case was denounced to him by this
master, or the officers of the union.
And the one, who infringes shall be punished with 20 Bologna
sous per master for each time he
infringes, and that he shall pay the masters an indemnity for
their work. And the officers shall
impose a fine within eight days after the case became evident
and clear to them, and have the
indemnity paid to the masters.
XXXV The union shall last for ten years.
Besides, we enact and order that the union shall last ten years
in total from now on, or any
longer as is being decided by the union or the majority by
votes.
XXXVI One shall not complain about the officers with the
potentate or his tribunal.
Besides, we enact and order that a master of the union cannot
and shall not in any manner go
to the potentate or his tribunal for complaining about the
officers or one of them. And the one
infringing shall pay as a fine of 3 Bologna pounds for each time
he infringes. And this is
irrevocable.
XXXVII Publication of the Statutes.
These Statutes have been read and made public to the assembly of
the union, assembled by the
clergymen in the usual manner in the cimetery of the church
Saint Procule, in the year of the
Lord 1248, sixth indiction, the eighth day of August, during the
reign of the Lord Bonifacius
de Carlo, potentate of Bologna.
XXXVIII The (polier) foreman and the officers shall collect the
contributions.
We enact and order that the (polier) foreman of the masters
carpenter shall collect all
contributions imposed, and sanctions attributed, and penalties
given during their charge. And if
he does not collect, he shall pay the double amount as a penalty
from his own pocket. And the
officers shall each go in his region to collect these
contributions, sanctions and penalties. And
the clergyman of the union shall go with the (polier) foreman,
and if they do not go, they shall
be punished each with 5 Bologna sous for each time they
infringe.
XXXIX The clergyman of the union shall stay in function during
one year.
We enact and order that the clergyman of the union shall stay in
function during one year, and
that he shall receive as a remuneration 40 Bologna sous.
XL About the notary of the union.
We enact and order that the officers and the (polier) foreman
shall employ a good notary for
the union, and that he stays in function during one year; he has
to enter the receipts of the
(polier) foreman and his expenses and take care of all letters,
alterations of the statutes of the
union, and he shall receive as a remuneration 40 Bologna sous.
XLI There shall be two books with the names of the masters
carpenter.
We enact andorder that there shall be two books with the names
of the masters carpenter, and
that one of them is identical with th eother. And the (polier)
foreman shall keep one and an
other master shall keep the other. And if a mster dies, he shall
be erased from these books.
XLII About the accounts to give to the officers and (polier)
foreman.
We enact and order that the odfficers and the (polier) foreman
shall give an account on every
one but last Sunday of the m onth, under the altar of Saint
Peter.
XLIII About the setup of the survey.
We enact and order that the officers, who ar ein function in
future, shall each of them make a
survey of the names of the masters carpenter, according to the
content of the nominal list. And
if the officers sent out someone to serve the comunity of
Bologna, he has to go there in turn,
so that nobody shall be leased, on penalty of a fine of 5 spous
for each time he infringes.
XLIV Nobody shall say slander about the union.
We enact and order that if somebody of the union says offensive
or insulting things about the
union, he shall be punished with 20 Bologna sous each time. And
this will be orrevocable. And
the officers shall collect these sumes. And if they do not
collecth them, theyshall pay the double
from their own pocket.
XLV The officers shall be unemployed.
We enact and order that the officers, who will be in function in
future shall be unemployed
during one year, after they finished their charge.
Additions to the Statutes of the Masters
XLVI The unions shall meet separately.
We enact and order that the union of the masters carpenter shall
meet separately there, where
the officers of this union will decide so, and that the union of
the masters mason shall meet
separately there, where the officers of this union will decide,
and this will happen in such
manner, that they will not assemble together. Except, if the
officers of these unions decide to
meet together, then they can meet. And the officers shall stay
together to give account to all
masters mason and carpenter, who wish to ask them about the
accounts twice per month, this
being two Sundays.
XLVII About the remuneration of the redactors of the Statutes.
Besides, we enact and order the four officials for the statutes,
who will be in function in future,
shall each receive 2 Bologna sous as a remuneration.
XLVIII About the manufacture of candles.
Besides, we enact that a candle of a pound shall be made at the
expense of the union, to be
burning during the masses of the union.
IL About the candles to be given each year to the church of
Saint Peter.
Besides, we enact and order that each year at the expense of the
union 4 candles of a pound
will be given to the church of Saint Peter, cathedral of
Bologna, for the Saint Peter festival in
the month of June. And that the officers, who are in function in
future shall accomplish this on
penalty of a fine of 5 Bologna sous for each of them.
L That a master, who fires an apprentice before the term, cannot
have an other one.
We enact and order that if a master fires one of his apprentices
before the end of the term of 5
years, he cannot have an other apprentice before the time of 5
years is fulfilled, on penalty pof
a fine of 40 Bologna sous.
LI About the purchase of a pail for the union.
We enact and order that the (polier) foreman and the officers,
who will be in function at New
Year, shall buy a good pail for the society at the expense of
the society. This pail shall be
carried on the members of the union, who will die, as well as
members of the family of those of
the union for whom it was bought, but not on anybody, who does
not belong to the union.
LII About the remuneration of the adviser of the old ones.
We enact and order that the advise, given to the old ones of the
union of masons, shall be
designated by the officers of this union. And he will have as a
remuneration 5 Bologna sous at
the expense of the union, of which the officers dispose, whether
he will stay and be in function
during six months. And if he stays 3 months, he shall only
receive 2 sous and 6 deniers of
Bologna.
LIII The (polier) foreman and the officers shall give accounts.
We enact and order that the officers and the (polier) foreman of
the union in function in future
shall have to give account by each member of the union of masons
to anybody, being no
member of the union, who may ask for them.
LIV No noise shall be made in a meeting.
Besides, we enact and order that no noise nor quarrel shall be
made in a meeting of the union.
And if one infringes, he shall be punished with 20 Bologna sous.
LV The union has to meet at the church of Saint Peter.
Besides, we enact and order that the union shall meet for all
matters in the church of Saint
Peter, or in the upper floor of the palace of the lord bishop.
And the officers of the union give
to the church of Saint Peter 4 candles of a pound. And the mass
of the union shall be celebrated
in that church.
LVI There shall be more clergymen, when someone of the union
dies
Besides, we enact and order that, when someone of the union
dies, the officers of the union
can have one or more clergymen for assembling the members with
the body of the deceased,
and to remunerate them as is esteemed well, at the expense of
the union.
LVII About those, who do not pay for the masses.
Besides, we enact and order that, if someone does not pay 4
Bologna deniers for the masses in
time stated for this by the officers, he shall have to pay the
double to the clergyman, who goes
to his living to collect this sum.
LVIII About the copies of the Statutes of the union.
Besides, we enact and order that all statutes of the union shall
be copied again and that there
where the officers mason and carpenter only masons are
mentioned, the statutes of the union of
masons shall be different from those of the union of the
carpenters. And this will be irrevocable.
LIX About the wages to be given to the clergyman of the union.
Besides, we enact and order that if a member of the union does
not give wages to the clergyman
of the union, when this is asked for by the officers, one shall
not work with such people,
unless he conforms to the orders of the officers.
LX About the remuneration of the notary of the union.
Besides, we enact and order that the notary of the union shall
have as a remuneration at the
end of his 6 months charge 20 Bologna sous and no more.
LXI About the remuneration of the controllers.
Besides, we enact and order that the controllers of the accounts
shall receive as a remuneration
5 Bologna sous and no more.
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